Inyamaswa za Parike y’Akagera ziri hanze ya Parike zose zigomba kuzaba zinjijwe muri iyo Parike imbere bitarenze tariki 03/08/2012 nk’uko bivugwa n’abanyamabanga nshingwabikorwa b’imirenge y’akarere ka Kayonza ihana imbibe n’iyo Parike.

Inyamaswa za Parike y’Akagera zari zisanzwe zisohoka muri Parike zikajya mu baturage, zikabonera, ndetse rimwe na rimwe zikabahutaza, bamwe bakaba baranahaburiye ubuzima. Kuva mu ntangiriro z’ukwezi gushize kwa karindwi iki kibazo cyari cyafashe indi ntera ubwo imirimo yo kuzitira iyo parike yatangiraga.

Inyamaswa zagiye zisohoka muri Parike zagaruka zikabura aho zinjirira kuberako aho zasohokeye habaga hamaze kuzitirwa, bituma zinjira mu baturage ari nyinshi, cyane cyane mu mirenge ya Murundi na Mwili.

Hari imbogo zimaze iminsi ziba mu gishanga cya Kageyo mu murenge wa Mwili na zo zari zasohotse muri ubwo buryo zasubirayo zikabura aho zinjirira, na zo zikaba zizinjizwa muri Parike tariki 03/08/2012 kuko Parike ngo yamaze kuzitirwa bagasiga irembo rimwe rya Parike.

Cyakora ikiyaga cya Rwakigeri cyo nticyazitiwe kandi na cyo kibamo imvubu zikunda kujya mu baturage, kikaba ari na kimwe mu bice bya Parike. Ubuyobozi bw’iyo Parike bwatangaje ko hafashwe ingamba zo gucukura umuferege ku nkengero z’icyo kiyaga uzaba ureshya n’ibirometero 14, ukazajya ubera imbogamizi imvubu ziva muri icyo kiyaga zishaka kujya mu baturage.

Abatuye mu mirenge ihana imbibe na parike y’Akagera, bavuga ko urwo ruzitiro rushobora kuzaba igisubizo kuri bo, kuko ngo bari basanzwe bahinga bazi neza ko nibura kimwe cya kabiri cy’umusaruro beza uba ari uw’inyamaswa za Parike y’Akagera.

Guverineri w’intara y’amajyaruguru atangaza ko kuba iyo ntara yaraje imbere mu kugabanya ubukene mu Rwanda ari ukubera ibintu bitandukanye birimo n’ubukerarugendo bukorerwa muri parike y’ibirunga.

Mu muhango wo “Kwita Izina” abana b’ingagi wabereye mu karere ka Musanze tariki ya 16/06/2012, Guverineri Bosenibamwe Aimé yavuze ko Intara y’amajyaruguru iri ku isonga mu kurwanya ubukene naho akarere ka Musanze karimo parike y’ibirunga kakaza ku mwanya wa gatatu mu Rwanda mu kurwanya ubukene.

Kuba ibyo byaragezweho ni uko abaturage baturiye iyo parike bajyaga bajya kuyonona bahigamo Ingagi n’ibindi binyabuzima biyirimo, bishyize hamwe muri Koperative SACOLA (Sabyinyo Community Livelihoods Association) mu rwego rwo kubungabunga iyo parike nk’uko Guverineri Bosenibamwe abitangaza.

Akomeza avuga ko kuri ubu abibumbiye muri Koperative SACOLA bamaze kubona agaciro k’iyo parike kuko ibaha amafaranga menshi bakaba bamaze kwiteza imbere. Abo baturage bamaze kwiyubakira inzu y’ubucuruzi. Iyo kopertive kandi inafasha n’abandi baturage batayirimo mu buryo butandukanye nk’uko abisobanura.

Guverineri Bosenibamwe yakomeje asaba abaturage baturiye parike y’ibirunga gukomeza kuyifata neza kuko ibafitiye akamaro gakomeye. Aho ujishe igisabo ntuhatera ibuye nk’uko yakomeje abibasaba.

John Gara umuyobozi mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Iterambere (RDB) atangaza ko kuri ubu ubukerarugendo bwateye imbere muri rusange mu Rwanda kubera uburyo abaturiye parike cyane cyane iy’ibirunga bayifashe neza.

Mu mwaka wa 2011 abakerarugendo baje mu Rwanda barenga ibihumbi 900. Bakaba barinjije mu Rwanda amadorari y’amanyamerika agera kuri miliyoni 252 (agera kuri 151.200.000.000 mu mafaranga yo mu Rwanda).

Abaturiye parike bagenerwa 5% by’amadovize yose aba yinjiye mu Rwanda nk’uko umuyobozi mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Iterambere (RDB) abitangaza.

Bamwe muri ba mukerarugendo basura parike y’Ibirunga ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda batangaza ko kuba amayira agana kuri iyo parike adakoze neza bibangamira ingendo zabo mu gihe bagiye gusura inyamanswa zaho.

Kugira ngo mukerarugendo uwo ari we wese abashe kugera kuri parike y’ibirunga, hifashishwa imihanda y’igitaka ikugeza hafi y’imisozi ikikije ibirunga ingagi zibamo.

Ba mukerarugendo baje gusura izi ngagi biba ngombwa ko basiga imodoka zabo cyangwa n’ibindi binyabiziga baba bajemo kure gato y’aho ibirunga biri, kubera ubuhaname byabyo cyangwa ubw’imisozi ibikikije.

Iyi mihanda cyane cyane ugana ku kirunga cya Muhabura mu karere ka Kinigi, usanga ari iy’igitaka kandi yangiritse ku buryo itacamo ikinyabiziga kibonetse cyose.

Uyu muhanda ukaba ugiye urimo ibibuye by’amakoro byanamye hejuru ndetse binagaragara ko wangijwe cyane n’amazi y’isuru.

Mu gihe ba mukerarugendo basize ibinyabiziga byabo, ahasigaye bagenda n’amaguru ngo ni ikibazo gikomeye kuko bahakora urugendo rurenze amasaha abiri kugira ngo nibura bagere neza mu kirunga rwagati aho bashobora kubona ingagi baba bagiye kureba.

Iyo mukerarugendo ageze mu ishyamba rwagati ry’ibirunga haba hasigaye gukora ingendo zo kugera aho umuryango w’ingagi usurwa uri. Aha naho hakaba nta tuyira twabugenewe bashobora gucamo mu ishyamba kuko ari ukugenda uyishakira.

Aha umuyobozi w’iyi parike, Prosper  Uwingeri avuga ko imihanda igera kuri parike ari ikibazo gikomeye bafite kandi bazi kuko ngo iyi mihanda ihora igaragara nk’aho idakorwa iba yakozwe inshuro nyinshi ariko kubera ko iri mu karere gahora kagwamo imvura kenshi kandi gafite ubutaka buteye nabi ngo bituma iyo bayikoze yongera igasenywa n’amazi amamuka mu misozi y’ibirunga.

Uwingeri avuga ko mu minsi iri imbere bagiye kongera gutunganya iyi mihanda kuko ngo ibangamira ba mukerarugendo basha gusura ingagi ndetse n’izindi nyamanswa.

Aha ngo bakaba bagiye gutangira kandi gukora utuyira tw’abanyamaguru muri parike imbere kugirango tujye twifashishwa na bamukerarugendo mugihe baje kuyisura aho kugirango bagende bagongana n’ibihuru igihe cyose.

Mu nama yahuje abayobozi b’umuryango uhuza ibihugu bituriye parike z’ibirunga, U Rwanda, Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (GVTC) batangaza ko kuba hakiri abaturage batarabasha kwegerezwa amazi meza, bigira ingaruka ku mutungo kamere w’amaparike.

Ibi bikaba bitangazwa na bamwe mu bayobozi bashinzwe amaparike bo mu bihugu by’u Rwanda, Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.

Usanga mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, bigora abaturage kubona amazi meza hafi yabo. Ibi bigatuma bashaka ku buryo bwa gakondo amazi y’amasoko cyangwa y’ibishanga. Abashinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije bo bakabona ko ibi ari ibiteza ibibazo kuri ayo masoko cyane cyane abajya kuvoma mu maparike.

Therese Musabe, Umuyobozi wungirije wa GVTC avuga ko kuba hari abaturage batarabona amazi meza hafi yabo ngo bituma mu gihe bagiye kuyavoma mu maparike bituma bangiza byinshi birimo amasoko y’amazi, ibimera byo muri parike n’ibindi.

Avuga kandi ko hari bamwe bitwaza ko bagiye kuvoma bityo bakaboneraho kuba bashimuta zimwe mu nyamanswa cyangwa bakaba banazica.

Musabe avuga ko bamaze gufasha abaturage batari bake kubona amazi meza hafi yabo kugirango birinde gusubira muri parike.

Agira ati : “usanga hari benshi tumaze kwegereza amazi meza ndetse hari n’abo twagiye gushyirira ibigega bifata amazi y’imvura kuburyo twizera ko hari icyo bigiye gukemura kigaragara”.

Mark Mwine umwe mu bayobozi ushinzwe amaparike mu gihugu cya Uganda, avuga ko magingo aya bahangayikishijwe n’uko ibikorwa remezo abaturage begerejwe birimo n’amazi meza kuri ubu ko  ngo bari kubifata nabi ahatari hake.

Ati: “usanga nk’aho twashyize amariba rusange aha muri Uganda abaturage bayangiza kuburyo kuramba kwabyo bigoye, hari n’ibigega twashyize ku mashuri kugirango umwana ujye atahana amazi avuye ku ishuri kugirango babone n’umwana wo gusubira mu masomo ariko icyagaragaye ko ni uko ibigega byose babyangije nta mazi bigifata”.

Mwine avuga ko muri iki gihugu bamaze kuabakira ubwoko bw’abatwa usanga buturiye amaparike kuko nabo bagiraga uruhare rwo kwangiza amashyamba, bakaba barahaye amazu ndetse buri nzu ikaba ifite ikigega gifata amazi.

Umushinga GVTC (Greater Virunga Transboundary Collaboration) ufatanije n’ibigo by’ibihugu bifite mu nshingano zabyo ubukerarugendo n’amaparike, RDB mu Rwanda, UWA muri Uganda ndetse na ICCN ku ruhande rwa Congo Kinshasa wahisemo kwegereza abaturage baturiye amaparike ibikorwa by’iterambere kugirango batazongera guhirahira kwangiza aya maparike.

Abayobozi b’aya maparike ni ukuvuga parike y’ibirunga ku mpande zose z’ibihugu batangaza ko ba rushimusi bashimutaga inyamanswa zo muri aya maparike usanga ari abaturage babaga bashaka icyababeshaho kubw’ubukene babayemo ariko magingo aya ngo hari aho bitangiye kugaragara ko ubushimusi mu maparike bumaze kugira ubucuruzi bukomeye.

Aha akaba ngo ariyo mpamvu ibihugu byose byashyize hamwe kugirango barwanye buri wese wangiza parike.
Umuyobozi wa parike y’Ibirunnga ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, Prosper Uwingeri avuga ko batangiye gufasha abaturiye amaparike kwivana mu bukene binyujijwe mu mutungo winjizwa n’iyi parike.

Avuga ko abari abashimusi muri iyi parike babumbiwe mu mashyirahamwe atandukanye akora ibikorwa birimo ubuvumvu bwa kijyambere kuburyo babasha no kwitunganyiriza ubu buki bukajyanwa ku isoko. Abandi bakaba bari mu mashyirahamwe y’ubukorikori.

Ibi ngo byatumye abajyaga gufakura muri parike babihagarika, ndetse n’abajyaga guca imigano iribwa n’ingagi nabo bahagarara kuko ngo magingo aya babashije kwitere imigano yabo. Iyi migano bateye ikaba ibafasha kwirinda isuri yari yarabajigirije ndetse bakanakuramo iyo bakeneye gukoresha batangije parike.

Ku ruhande rw’ibindi bihugu nk’Uganda, Mark Mwine avuga ko bamaze kubona ingaruka nziza nyuma yo gufasha abaturiye parike zo muri iki gihugu kuko ngo kugeza ubu abaturage aribo bagira uruhare rukomeye mu kurinda izi parike.

Aba baturage ngo bakaba baranigishijwe akamaro ko kurinda ibidukikije kuburyo ngo ibyo bakora babikora babishaka kandi banabikunze.

Abashinzwe kurinda ingagi zo mu birunga ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda na Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo batangiye gukora amarondo muri parike y’ibirunga mu rwego rwo guhashya abantu bakomeje gutega imitego ikunze guhitana ingagi. Iki cyemezo cyafashwe nyuma y’aho mu kwezi kwa kabiri hagaragariye umwana w’ingagi waguye mu mutego ukahasiga ubuzima.

Prosper Uwingeri, umwe mu bakurikiranira hafi ingagi zo mu birunga ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, avuga ko ayo marondo yemejwe nyuma y’ibiganiro hagati y’abashinzwe parike zombi [Parc de Virunga ku ruhande rwa Kongo Kinshasa na Parc de Volcans ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda]

Ati “Ayo marondo azakorwa n’impande zombi, yatekerejwe nyuma y’umwana w’ingagi wagaragaye yapfiriye mu mutego mu kwezi kwa kabiri. Abashinzwe parike ku mpande zombi barahuye kugira ngo barebere hamwe ingamba zafatwa, muri zo hakaba harimo no gukora ayo marondo mu rwego rwo guhashya abatega imitego ihitana ingagi”

Yavuze ko n’ubwo imitego yaba itagamije gutega abana b’ingagi, bashobora kuyigwamo kandi wenda yari itezwe izindi nyamaswa. Uwingeri akomeza avuga ko ayo marondo yatumye hategurwa imitego myinshi yari yatezwe inyamaswa zo muri parike z’ibirunga.

Ingagi zo mu birunga ni zimwe mu bintu bikurura cyane ba mukerarugendo mu Rwanda. Mu kwezi kwa mbere uyu mwaka u Rwanda rwafashe icyemezo cyo kongera amafaranga yishyuzwa ba mukerarugendo basura ingagi ku gipimo cya 50%, iki giciro kikazatangira kubahirizwa kuva tariki ya mbere Kamena uyu mwaka.

Igiciro kizava ku madorari 500 ya Amerika kigere ku madorari 750 ku banyamahanga badatuye mu Rwanda, mu gihe abanyamahanga batuye mu Rwanda bo bazajya bishyura amadorari 375 aho kuba 250 nk’uko byari bisanzwe, naho abanyarwanda bishyure amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi 30 aho kuba 20 nk’uko byari bisanzwe.

U Rwanda ruvuga ko kuzamura ibyo biciro byatewe nuko ingagi zo mu birunga zikomeza kororoka zikaba nyinshi kandi zikeneye kwitabwaho, ndetse naba mukerarugendo bakenera kuzisura bakaba bakomeza kwiyongera.

Ingagi zo mu birunga ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda na Kongo Kinshasa kugeza ubu zigize kimwe cya kabiri cy’ingagi 700 z’ibirunga zikiriho ku isi yose.